Certification Board for Sterile Processing and Distribution (CBSPD) Sterile Processing Technician Practice Exam

Which type of microorganism can slow down its metabolism and enter a dormant state?

1. Gram-Negative Cocci

2. Gram-Positive Bacillus

3. Gram-Negative Bacillus

4. Gram-Positive Cocci

The correct answer is: Gram-Positive Bacillus

The option indicating Gram-Positive Bacillus is correct because this group of microorganisms, particularly species like Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus cereus, is known for its ability to form spores. The sporulation process allows these bacteria to enter a dormant state, significantly slowing down their metabolism and enabling them to survive in harsh environmental conditions for extended periods, sometimes even years. When conditions become favorable again, these spores can germinate and revert to a metabolically active state, allowing for growth and reproduction. This characteristic is particularly notable in Gram-positive bacilli due to their thick peptidoglycan cell wall, which aids in the formation and stability of the spores. Other types of microorganisms, while having various survival strategies, do not exhibit this same capacity to form spores and enter dormancy in the same way as Gram-Positive Bacillus. Thus, they may not withstand extreme environmental changes as effectively.